Mythologist | Author | Speaker | Illustrator
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Articles
How Shankara Became a Mythic Hero
The Shankara legend is less about history and more about imagination – how India turned a philosopher into a divine hero, a world conqueror, and a unifier of its sacred geography…
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Articles
Is the Hamsa an Indian Goose or a European Swan?
The bar-headed goose (hansa) is a key cultural symbol of India, along with other waterfowl such as the sarus crane (krauncha), ruddy shelduck (chakravaka) and crane (baga, bagula). This list excludes the swan (raj-hansa), which is European, not Indian. But somewhere in the last two centuries, the Indian goose was eclipsed…
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Articles
China’s Eternal Loop
Just as India is torn between the academician’s truth and the politician’s truth, so is China. But relative to India’s history which is strongly based on diversity, Chinese history is a product of unification…
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Articles
Shishupalgarh, the Forgotten Capital of Ancient Kalinga
Shishupalgarh, on the edge of modern Bhubaneswar, offers a window into an urban world that flourished 2000 years ago. It belongs to a time when India was connected to the wider world of oceanic trade. …
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Articles
Decolonising India’s Erotic Heritage
We were never a culture of shame. We were made into one. Not just by the British. But also by their Brahmin collaborators. Both found common cause in attacking powerful rich independent Hindu women, the women who gave India its musical and dance heritage…
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Articles
How Vasudeva Became Vishnu
At Malhar, a small town near Bilaspur, Chhattisgarh, we find an image of a soldier with four arms, holding a conch shell, a wheel and a mace. It has been identified as the earliest image of Vishnu. The inscription on the stone has been dated to 200 BC…
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Articles
Ashoka’s Afterlife
Historians amplify the rational and secular aspects of Ashoka’s inscriptions, and play down the mythical elements, use of words like paraloka and swarga. These would indicate Ashoka’s need to perform ritual acts to ensure a positive fate in the afterlife…
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Articles
Kubera, the Refugee From Lanka
When the Constitution of India was first published, over 75 years ago, it included many artworks. Amongst them was one showing Kubera, Ravana’s brother and the king of wealth and yakshas (nature spirits), fleeing from Lanka. It is often mistaken for Hanuman burning Lanka, but there are no flames of a burning city or a…
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Articles
The Many Horse Invaders of India
India has been invaded several times, for over 3,000 years, by horse-breeding tribes from the steppes, grasslands north of the Himalayas, the last of whom were the Mughals, and the Mughals came only 500 years ago…
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Articles
Flames of Fidelity
No one knows when the pan-Indian practice of warrior widows burning themselves with (sahagamana) or without (anugamana) the corpse of their husband came to be known as ‘sati’ — a word that means the chaste wife. The inhuman practice was strongly linked to the belief in fidelity-magic; that a woman who thinks of no one…
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Articles
Rise and Fall of Cities in India
Broadly speaking, India has undergone five urbanisations. …
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Articles
Ancient Indian Fashion Today
How old is Indian fashion? It is extremely difficult to prove continuity in the realm of fashion history…
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Articles
Debunked Invasion, Ignored Migration
Academics, who accuse others of using imaginary stories and manipulating social constructs, need funding from politicians who have an agenda, so they select facts and present ideas to suit the ideology. …
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Articles
Retroflex Sounds of Indian Women
Women came to India as part of the Out of Africa migration about 50,000 years old. Their legacy is the retroflex sounds () that is part of the Indian language. …
